phpOffice中Excel文件的导出及读取

冯奎
2020-04-06 20:55:20
PHP
php

在之前的文章中我们说了万级以上数据的导出及读取，
这里我们来说一下正常情况下，
使用phpOffice中的phpspreadsheet对Excel文件的导出及读取。

composer安装phpspreadsheet：

composer require phpoffice/phpspreadsheet

Excel文件导出：

从数据库查处二维数组，键值对方式，以及设置每行对应的标题

<?php
/**
 * @Author: [FENG] <1161634940@qq.com>
 * @Date:   2020-04-06 20:49:34
 * @Last Modified by:   [FENG] <1161634940@qq.com>
 * @Last Modified time: 2020-04-07T12:53:31+08:00
 */

include_once './vendor/autoload.php';

use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory;

class Ceshi
{
    public static function export()
    {
        $data = [
            [ 'id'=>1, 'name'=>'张三', 'sex'=>'男', 'age'=>20, 'tel'=>1111, 'ceshi'=>'测试' ],
            [ 'id'=>2, 'name'=>'李四', 'sex'=>'女', 'age'=>18, 'tel'=>2222, 'ceshi'=>'测试' ],
            [ 'id'=>3, 'name'=>'王五', 'sex'=>'女', 'age'=>25, 'tel'=>3333, 'ceshi'=>'测试' ],
            [ 'id'=>4, 'name'=>'赵六', 'sex'=>'男', 'age'=>22, 'tel'=>4444, 'ceshi'=>'测试' ],
        ];

        // $fieldArr = ['ID'=>'id', '姓名'=>'name', '性别'=>'sex', '年龄'=>'age', '电话'=>'tel', '测试'=>'ceshi']; // 声明对应字段关系
        $newExcel = new Spreadsheet();  //创建一个新的excel文档
        $objSheet = $newExcel->getActiveSheet();  //获取当前操作sheet的对象
        $objSheet->setTitle('测试表');  //设置当前sheet的标题
        $lines = 1;

        $fieldArr = [ 'id' => 'ID', 'name' => '姓名', 'sex' => '性别', 'age' => '年龄', 'tel' => '电话', 'ceshi' => '测试' ]; // 声明对应字段关系

        $value_field = $fieldArr ? array_values($fieldArr) : array_keys($data[0]);
        foreach ($value_field as $k => $v) {
            $letter = num_letter($k+1);
            $newExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension($letter)->setAutoSize(true); // 简单设置列宽
            $objSheet = $objSheet->setCellValue($letter . $lines, $v); // 设置标题
        }

        // 第二行起，每一行的值，setCellValueExplicit是用来导出文本格式的。
        // $objSheet->setCellValueExplicit('A1', '超长数字', \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\DataType::TYPE_STRING); // 可以用来导出数字不变格式（设置单元格格式为纯文本）
        $key_field = $fieldArr ? array_keys($fieldArr) : array_keys($data[0]);
        foreach ($data as $k => $v) { // 数据循环处理
            $lines ++;
            // $newExcel->getActiveSheet()->mergeCells('A19:A22'); // 数组合并
            foreach ($key_field as $m => $n) {
                $letter = num_letter($m+1);
                $objSheet = $objSheet->setCellValue($letter . $lines, $v[$n]);
            }
        }

        // downloadExcel($newExcel, '测试表', 'Xlsx', './public'); // 保存到本地
        downloadExcel($newExcel, '测试表', 'Xlsx'); //生成文件直接下载
    }

}

// 公共文件，十进制转二十六进制(基数为A-Z)
function num_letter($num) {
    $num = intval($num);
    if ($num <= 0)
        return false;
    $letterArr = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z');
    $letter = '';
    do {
        $key = ($num - 1) % 26;
        $letter = $letterArr[$key] . $letter;
        $num = floor(($num - $key) / 26);
    } while ($num > 0);
    return $letter;
}

// 公共文件，用来传入xls并下载
function downloadExcel($newExcel, $filename, $format, $savePath = false)
{
    if(!$savePath){   //网页下载
        // $format只能为 Xlsx 或 Xls
        if ($format == 'Xlsx') {
            header('Content-Type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
        } elseif ($format == 'Xls') {
            header('Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel');
        }
        //
        header("Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=" . $filename . date('Y-m-d') . '.' . strtolower($format));
        header('Cache-Control: max-age=0');
        $objWriter = IOFactory::createWriter($newExcel, $format);
        $objWriter->save('php://output');
    } else {
        ob_clean();
        ob_start();
        $objWriter = IOFactory::createWriter($newExcel, $format);
        $savePath = './' . trim(ltrim($savePath, '.'), '/') . '/' . $filename . date('Y-m-d') . '.' . strtolower($format);
        $objWriter->save($savePath);
        /* 释放内存 */
        $newExcel->disconnectWorksheets();
        unset($newExcel);
        ob_end_flush();
    }
}

Ceshi::export(); // 数据文件的导出到ececl

文件读取及导入数据库：

整合 CSV、Xls及Xlsx文件的读取，默认首行为标题，以及设置标题对应的键名

<?php
/**
 * @Author: [FENG] <1161634940@qq.com>
 * @Date:   2020-04-06 20:49:34
 * @Last Modified by:   [FENG] <1161634940@qq.com>
 * @Last Modified time: 2020-04-07T13:22:39+08:00
 */

include_once './vendor/autoload.php';

use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Reader\Xlsx;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Reader\Xls;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Reader\Csv;

use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\Coordinate;

class Ceshi
{
    // 导入
    public static function import()
    {
        $filePath = './ceshi.xlsx';

        //实例化reader
        $ext = pathinfo($filePath, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
        if (!in_array($ext, ['csv', 'xls', 'xlsx'])) {
            die('当前文件类型不支持');
        }
        if ($ext === 'csv') {
            $file = fopen($filePath, 'r');
            $filePath = tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'import_csv');
            $fp = fopen($filePath, "w");
            $n = 0;
            while ($line = fgets($file)) {
                $line = rtrim($line, "\n\r\0");
                $encoding = mb_detect_encoding($line, ['utf-8', 'gbk', 'latin1', 'big5']);
                if ($encoding != 'utf-8') {
                    $line = mb_convert_encoding($line, 'utf-8', $encoding);
                }
                if ($n == 0 || preg_match('/^".*"$/', $line)) {
                    fwrite($fp, $line . "\n");
                } else {
                    fwrite($fp, '"' . str_replace(['"', ','], ['""', '","'], $line) . "\"\n");
                }
                $n++;
            }
            fclose($file) || fclose($fp);

            $reader = new Csv();
        } elseif ($ext === 'xls') {
            $reader = new Xls();
        } else {
            $reader = new Xlsx();
        }

        // 声明对应字段关系
        $fieldArr = ['ID'=>'id', '姓名'=>'name', '性别'=>'sex', '年龄'=>'age', '电话'=>'tel', '测试'=>'ceshi'];

        //加载文件
        $insert = [];
        try {
            if (!$PHPExcel = $reader->load($filePath)) {
                die('获取数据失败');
            }
            $currentSheet = $PHPExcel->getSheet(0);  //读取文件中的第一个工作表
            $allColumn = $currentSheet->getHighestDataColumn(); //取得最大的列号
            $allRow = $currentSheet->getHighestRow(); //取得一共有多少行
            $maxColumnNumber = Coordinate::columnIndexFromString($allColumn);
            $fields = [];
            for ($currentRow = 1; $currentRow <= 1; $currentRow++) {
                for ($currentColumn = 1; $currentColumn <= $maxColumnNumber; $currentColumn++) {
                    $val = $currentSheet->getCellByColumnAndRow($currentColumn, $currentRow)->getValue();
                    is_object($val) && $val= $val->__toString();
                    $fields[] = $val;
                }
            }

            for ($currentRow = 2; $currentRow <= $allRow; $currentRow++) {
                $values = [];
                for ($currentColumn = 1; $currentColumn <= $maxColumnNumber; $currentColumn++) {
                    $val = $currentSheet->getCellByColumnAndRow($currentColumn, $currentRow)->getValue();
                    is_object($val) && $val= $val->__toString();
                    $values[] = is_null($val) ? '' : $val;
                }
                $row = [];
                $temp = array_combine($fields, $values);
                foreach ($temp as $k => $v) {
                    if (isset($fieldArr[$k]) && $k !== '') {
                        $row[$fieldArr[$k]] = $v;
                    }
                }
                if ($row) {
                    $insert[] = $row;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            die($e->getMessage());
        }

        // dump($insert); 二维数据，键值对
    }

}

Ceshi::import(); // 读取xlsx文件数据

关于PhpSpreadsheet的更多使用方法可参考：http://blog.shzhaoqi.com/article/191

本文为冯奎原创文章，转载无需和我联系，但请注明来自冯奎博客fengkui.net